Clinical Trial Data Explorer

DATA PAGE · CURATED FROM PUBLISHED PHASE 3 RESULTS · UPDATED JUN 2026

The community's one-page visual reference for the headline numbers behind GLP-1 therapy. Every figure links back to a primary publication — bring this page when someone asks "where's the source?"

Mean body-weight reduction — phase 3 programs

Treatment-period estimands, highest maintenance dose per program

Semaglutide 2.4 mg · STEP-1 (68 wk) Tirzepatide 15 mg · SURMOUNT-1 (72 wk) Retatrutide 12 mg · TRIUMPH-3 (48 wk)

Curves are simplified from published trial figures. Populations, estimands and trial durations differ — cross-trial comparison is illustrative only, not head-to-head evidence.

68 wkSTEP-1 duration

72 wkSURMOUNT-1 duration

48 wkTRIUMPH-3 duration

~57%SURMOUNT-1 ≥20% losers (15 mg)

Beyond the scale — outcome trials

Weight is only part of the story. Dedicated outcome trials have tested whether these drugs change hard endpoints — heart attacks, kidney disease progression, sleep apnea severity:

Relative risk / event reduction vs placebo

Primary endpoints, intention-to-treat populations

SELECT · MACE−20%

FLOW · kidney events−24%

SOUL · MACE (oral)−14%

SURMOUNT-OSA · AHI−55%

SELECT: semaglutide 2.4 mg in non-diabetic CVD patients (n=17,604). FLOW: semaglutide 1.0 mg in T2D + CKD. SOUL: oral semaglutide 14 mg. SURMOUNT-OSA: tirzepatide in obstructive sleep apnea (apnea-hypopnea index).

Head-to-head: SURMOUNT-5

The first large randomized head-to-head between the two market leaders (72 weeks, obesity without diabetes):

Arm	Mean weight change	≥15% loss	Discontinuation (AE)
Tirzepatide (max tolerated)	−20.2%	64.6%	6.1%
Semaglutide 2.4 mg	−13.7%	40.1%	8.0%

Reading trial data like the forum does

Estimands matter. "Treatment-policy" includes people who quit the drug; "efficacy/treatment-period" doesn't. Headlines usually quote the bigger number.
Cross-trial comparisons are weak evidence. Different populations, baselines and eras — that's why SURMOUNT-5 mattered.
Percent change beats absolute kilograms when comparing across baseline weights.
Look at the distribution, not just the mean — responder curves are wide; ~10–15% of participants are minimal responders in every program.

Discuss new readouts in Clinical Trials & Research — every major trial has a dedicated results thread within hours of publication.

Primary sources:
Wilding et al. STEP-1, NEJM 2021 · Jastreboff et al. SURMOUNT-1, NEJM 2022 · Jastreboff et al. retatrutide phase 2, NEJM 2023; TRIUMPH-3 topline 2026 · Lincoff et al. SELECT, NEJM 2023 · Perkovic et al. FLOW, NEJM 2024 · Malhotra et al. SURMOUNT-OSA, NEJM 2024 · SOUL, NEJM 2025 · SURMOUNT-5, NEJM 2025.